This thorough and convincing reassessment of Parthian warmaking is sure to have its readers change the way we think about Rome’s peer and rival. Overtoom’s work is especially useful in demolishing stale, old, and frankly lazy assumptions about the Parthians, assumptions which have hitherto hampered greater awareness of Parthia’s eminent place in world history. The Parthians at War is a remarkable achievement, one that will improve the way I conceptualize and teach ancient history. Thanks to Overtoom, a Rome-centric view of Parthia is no longer necessary, or tenable; he offers bold, innovative, and convincing re-interpretations of the early rivalry between the powers, Crassus’ disaster at Carrhae, and the very long shadow of that infamous debacle.