Natural Law Reader

Jacqueline A. Laing is Senior Lecturer in Law at London Metropolitan University. She has a doctorate in Jurisprudence from the University of Oxford and first degrees in philosophy and law from the Australian National University. A barrister of the High Court of Australia and a solicitor of the Supreme Court of England and Wales, Dr. Laing writes on a wide range of subjects in philosophy, law and jurisprudence.Russell Wilcox is Visiting Professor in Law at the University of Navarre, where he is also a Research Fellow in its newly established Institute of Culture and Society. He is a barrister of Gray’s Inn and has a PhD from the University of London.

• Acknowledgements xi 1 General Introduction 12 Historical Readings 52.1 Ancient 7Introduction 72.1.1 Heraclitus, Fragments 112.1.2 Sophocles, Antigone 132.1.3 The Hippocratic Oath 142.1.4 Plato, Apology 152.1.5 Plato, Crito 222.1.6 Plato, Phaedo 282.1.7 Plato, Laws 342.1.8 Plato, Republic 402.1.9 Aristotle, Rhetoric and Nicomachean Ethics 482.1.10 Aristotle, Politics 632.1.11 Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 662.1.12 Cicero, The Republic, Book III 692.1.13 Cicero, The Laws 712.1.14 The Holy Bible, Romans 2: 1–16 802.2 Early Christian and Medieval 81Introduction 812.2.1 Tertullian, Against Marcion and Apologeticus 862.2.2 Justinian, The Institutes 902.2.3 St. Augustine 93Confessions 93On Eighty Three Diverse Questions 94Commentary on the Sermon on the Mount 94De libero arbitrio (The Free Choice of the Will) 95De Trinitate 9525th Sermon on Psalm 118 96Letter 157 (Epist., 157) 962.2.4 St. Augustine, The City of God 972.2.5 Saint Thomas Aquinas, Summa Contra Gentiles(Of God and His Creatures) 1072.2.6 St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica 1132.2.7 Ibn Sina, A Treatise on Love 1372.2.8 Ibn Rushd, On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy 1462.2.9 Moses Maimonides, Guide of the Perplexed 1552.2.10 Moses Maimonides, The Eight Chapters of Maimonideson Ethics (Shemonah Perakim) 1582.3 Early Modern 167Introduction 1672.3.1 Francisco de Vitoria, De Indis et De Iure Belli Relectiones 1732.3.2 Francisco Suarez, De Legibus 1822.3.3 Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan 1902.3.4 Hugo Grotius, On the Law of War and Peace(De Jure Belli ac Pacis) 1952.3.5 Samuel von Pufendorf, De Officio Hominis et CivisJuxta Legem Naturalem Libri Duo 2012.3.6 John Locke, Second Treatise of Government 2052.3.7 Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Lawsof England in Four Books 2102.4 Modern 213Introduction 2132.4.1 Heinrich Rommen, The Natural Law: A Study in Legaland Social History and Philosophy 2182.4.2 Jacques Maritain, Man and State 2212.4.3 Yves Simon, Nature and Functions of Authority 2282.4.4 A. D’Entreves, “A Rational Foundation of Ethics” 2302.4.5 Gustav Radbruch, “Five Minutes of Legal Philosophy” 2322.4.6 G.E.M. Anscombe, “Mr Truman’s Degree” 2342.4.7 M.K. Gandhi, selected excerpts on the existenceof a superior law 2352.4.8 Martin Luther King, Jr., Letter from the BirminghamCity Jail (first version) 2372.4.9 John Finnis, “Natural Law” 2382.4.10 Servais Pinckaers, The Sources of Christian Ethics 2453 Contemporary Natural Law 2513.1 Ethical 253Introduction 2533.1.1 G.E.M. Anscombe, “Modern Moral Philosophy” 2563.1.2 Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue 2613.1.3 Charles Taylor, “Irreducibly Social Goods” 2653.1.4 P.T. Geach, “Good and Evil” 2703.1.5 Philippa Foot, “Human Goodness” 2773.1.6 Michael Thompson, “Apprehending Human Form” 2863.1.7 J. Murillo, “Health as a Norm and Principle of Intelligibility” 2943.2Jurisprudence 297Introduction 2973.2.1 Debates and Clarifications 3013.2.1.1 R.P. George, Making Men Moral 3013.2.1.2 Norman Kretzmann, “Lex Iniusta Non est Lex:Laws on Trial in Aquinas’ Court of Conscience” 3093.2.2 “New” and “Old” Natural Law Debate 3183.2.2.1 R.P. George, “Recent Criticism of the NaturalLaw Theory” 3183.2.2.2 Stephen L. Brock, “Natural Inclination and theIntelligibility of the Good in Thomistic Natural Law” 3233.2.2.3 Daniel McInerny, “Hierarchy and Directionfor Choice” 3293.2.2.4 Steven D. Smith, “Natural Law and ContemporaryMoral Thought: A Guide from the Perplexed” 3363.3 Metaphysical, Social, and Critical 341Introduction 3413.3.1 David S. Oderberg, “Hylemorphic Dualism” 3443.3.2 Anthony J. Lisska, “The Metaphysical Presuppositions ofNatural Law in Thomas Aquinas: A New Look at SomeOld Questions” 3463.3.3 Russell Wilcox, “Natural Law and the Foundationsof Social Theory” 3563.3.4 Alasdair MacIntyre, “Theories of Natural Lawin the Culture of Advanced Modernity” 3634 Applied Natural Law 3674.1 Procreation and the Family 369Introduction 3694.1.1 Servais Pinckaers, “Inclination to Sexuality” 3724.1.2 G.E.M. Anscombe, Contraception and Chastity 3774.1.3 Jacqueline A. Laing, “Law, Liberalism andthe Common Good” 3794.2 Medical Ethics and Biotechnology 389Introduction 3894.2.1 Patrick Lee and Robert P. George, “The Nature and Basisof Human Dignity” 3924.2.2 Daniel Callahan, “When Self-Determination Runs Amok” 4014.2.3 Leon R. Kass, “Triumph or Tragedy? The Moral Meaningof Genetic Technology” 4084.2.4 Finn Bowring, “The Cyborg Solution” 4154.3 Human Rights 425Introduction 4254.3.1 John Finnis, “Natural Law” 4284.3.2 Mary Ann Glendon, “Foundations of Human Rights:The Unfinished Business” 4314.3.3 James V. Schall, “Human Rights as an Ideological Project” 438

“This volume is a fine addition to an increasing number of books on the subject.  Its conception reflects the renewal of interest in the natural law tradition over the past half-century or so. In popularising and making readily accessible a vast canon of essays for the benefit of the seasoned academic as much as the newcomer in the fields of jurisprudence, ethics, and political philosophy, the editors have produced an anthology which, I am confident, will serve as an invaluable contribution to that renewal.”  (New Blackfriars, 9 April 2015)