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In the Modern Age, the encounter and conflict between competing religious identities produced a renewed emphasis on the concept of peace, which was invested with religious, political and ideological connotations that still need to be investigated. This volume explores the role of religious discourse in the construction of the concept of peace from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, analyzing the narratives which in Europe gave extrahuman value to peace, with a focus on the processes of idealization of peace and the relationship with the concept of toleration. The volume investigates crucial authors such as Nicholas of Cusa, Luis Vives, Pico della Mirandola, Erasmus of Rotterdam, Thomas More, Pierre Bayle, Benjamin Constant, who reflected on the problem of tolerance as an attempt to shape the relationship between confessions as a peaceful coexistence beyond doctrinal differences. The essays explore the extent to which religious conflicts within Christianity triggered a rhetoric of peace and tolerance/toleration, for instance in the case of the French Wars of Religion and the Revolt of the Netherlands. The rhetoric and imaginary field of peace in its religious connotations are then explored and analyzed in their apocalyptic (for Benivieni or Savonarola) or humanistic connotations (from Petrarca to Pico). The essays combine history, philosophy, history of religions and anthropology, with approaches that go from the historical-critical analysis of documents, to archive research, to comparative history to the analysis of the world of objects, that, following the “material turn”, allows an alternative view on the narratives of confrontation and peace that presided over the intrareligious exchange.
Ludovico Battista is a researcher at Sapienza University of Rome. Maria Fallica is a researcher at Sapienza University of Rome. Beatrice Tramontano has recently received a Ph.D. from Sapienza University of Rome.
PrefaceAlessandro Saggioro, Sapienza University, Rome The Crux of Peace: An IntroductionMaria Fallica1. Theological and Philosophical Bases for Dialogue Between Religions in Cusanus’ De pace fideiBeatrice Tramontano2. Pius II, Nicholas of Cusa, and the Crusade to Retake Constantinople and JerusalemNathan Ron, University of Haifa3. The Political Peace of Luis Vives and the Religious Peace of Pico della Mirandola: Philosophical Perspectives Between Italy and SpainManuel López Forjas and Veronica Tartabini,both at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 4. Peace, Prophecy, and the Apocalyptic Expectation: Girolamo Benivieni’s Letter to Clement VIIMaria Fallica5. The Ambiguities of Erasmus’ Religious Peace: A Reading of De amabili ecclesiae concordia (1533)Ludovico Battista6. The Cosmopolitan Pacifism in Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas MoreAntonello Mori and Antonio Senneca, both at University College Cork7. A Material Peace: The World of Objects as a Meeting Point Between Islamic and Christian Tradition in the Late 16th century SpainFrancisco Moreno, University of Castilla-La Mancha 8. Political and Religious Moderates in the Wars of Religion in France and the Revolt of the Netherlands: A Comparative PerspectiveAlberto Hernández Pérez, University of Granada 9. Religious co-existence in Malta, 1530-1798Frans Ciappara, University of Malta10. Tolerance, Peace and Otherness in Spanish Jesuit Thought of the Baroque PeriodDavid Martín López, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha 11. Tiered Tolerance’: Protestants and the ‘Other’ after 1685Nora Baker, University of Oxford12. Religious Freedom and History of Religions in Benjamin ConstantRoberto Celada Ballanti, University of Genoa