August H. Nimtz is Professor of Political Science and African American and African Studies at the University of Minnesota, USA and the author of Marx and Engels: Their Contribution to the Democratic Breakthrough (2000), Marx, Tocqueville, and Race in America (2003), and the acclaimed two-volume Lenin’s Electoral Strategy with Palgrave Macmillan (2014) forthcoming in paperback as The Ballot, the Streets—or Both (Haymarket Books, 2019).

• 1. Introduction.- 2. The European Spring, 1848-1851: Marx and Engels versus Tocqueville.- 3. The United States Civil War: Marx versus Mill.- 4. Two Takes on the Russian Revolution of 1905: Lenin versus Weber.- 5. The October Revolution and End of the ‘Great War’: Lenin versus Wilson.- 6. Conclusion.

August H. Nimtz is Professor of Political Science and African American and African Studies at the University of Minnesota, USA and the author of Marx and Engels: Their Contribution to the Democratic Breakthrough (2000), Marx, Tocqueville, and Race in America (2003), and the acclaimed two-volume Lenin’s Electoral Strategy with Palgrave Macmillan (2014) forthcoming in paperback as The Ballot, the Streets—or Both (Haymarket Books, 2019).

• 1. Introduction.- 2. The European Spring, 1848-1851: Marx and Engels versus Tocqueville.- 3. The United States Civil War: Marx versus Mill.- 4. Two Takes on the Russian Revolution of 1905: Lenin versus Weber.- 5. The October Revolution and End of the ‘Great War’: Lenin versus Wilson.- 6. Conclusion.

August H. Nimtz is Professor of Political Science and African American and African Studies at the University of Minnesota, USA and the author of Marx and Engels: Their Contribution to the Democratic Breakthrough (2000), Marx, Tocqueville, and Race in America (2003), and the acclaimed two-volume Lenin’s Electoral Strategy with Palgrave Macmillan (2014) forthcoming in paperback as The Ballot, the Streets—or Both (Haymarket Books, 2019).

• 1. Introduction.- 2. The European Spring, 1848-1851: Marx and Engels versus Tocqueville.- 3. The United States Civil War: Marx versus Mill.- 4. Two Takes on the Russian Revolution of 1905: Lenin versus Weber.- 5. The October Revolution and End of the ‘Great War’: Lenin versus Wilson.- 6. Conclusion.