Manufacturing and Debating Coffee Substitutes in Nineteenth-Century Sweden

Michal Salamonik is Postdoctoral Researcher in the Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science at Umeå University, Sweden.

• Introduction .- 2. 100+ Substitutes .- 3. Swedish Coffee .- 4. Chicory Coffee .- 5. 'The Good Old Substitutes...' .- 6. Preparation .- 7. Equipment .- 8. Experiments .- 9. Conclusion.