"This is a monumental work of conceptualization and synthesis. Through a series of thematic essays, Bilenky paints a picture of the intellectual, social, economic, and political life of Ukrainians on both sides of the Russian/Austrian border in the long nineteenth century. Laboratory of Modernity should be compulsory reading for everyone interested in the study of empire and nationality in Russian history." Heather Coleman, University of Alberta and editor of Orthodox Christianity in Imperial Russia: A Source Book on Lived Religion"The fate of the landless Polish nobility, Jewish traders, German settlers, Russian industrial migrants and political activists, and their various intellectual pursuits enrich and complicate the Ukrainian story. For those of us familiar with parts of this history, virtually every page provides some new information or sharpens our understanding of known facts, deepening our comprehension of this region. For those who come to this topic for the first time, this book is invaluable." Slavic Review