Karim Khan Zand was an exceptional Persian ruler of the eighteenth century. Formerly an obscure Tribal chieftain, he came to power in the chaotic interregnum following the death of Nader Shah Afshar, a man celebrated for expelling the Afghan invaders from Iran but notorious for his subsequent tyranny. This comprehensive biography examines Karim Khan’s time as leader and illustrates the evolution of Iran's unique identity among the emerging nations of western Asia. Arguing that Karim Khan’s rule was the pivot in an era stretching from the 1500s, when the Safavid dynasty founded a kingdom with Imami Shi'ism as its official religion, to the revolt against the monarchy in 1979, this invaluable study provides a fascinating examination of the history of both Iran and one of its greatest leaders.
John R. Perry is professor of Persian at the University of Chicago. He has written extensively on the Persian language and Karim Khan Zand.
List of IllustrationsPreface 1 IRAN AND THE WORLD IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURYIran and its PeopleThe Safavid DynastyNader Shah AfsharFirst-Person Testimony: Sheikh Hazin 2 THE RETURN OF THE ZANDSThe Lurs Go HomeSafavid PretendersEnter the QajarsPretenders Lost and Found 3 THE CONQUEST OF THE NORTH, 1759–1763Exploits of Mohammad Khan and Sheykh-Ali Khan ZandFirst-Person Testimony: Le Sieur SimonNeutralization of the QajarsAzerbaijan: The Defeat of Azad and Fath-Ali Khan 4 CONSOLIDATION OF THE CENTER, 1763–1766Retribution and purgesReconquest of the south: the revolt of Zaki Khan ZandLar, Yazd, and Kerman: the two TaqisCurbing the Qajars, 1759–1777 5 THE PERSIAN GULF AND KHUZISTANKharg Island: The Dutch and Mir MahannaPerspicacious Semi-Fiction: The “Rostam of Histories”The Banu Ka’bWar with the Pashalik of Baghdad, 1774–1779 6 KARIM KHAN’S DEATH AND SUCCESSION, 1779–1795Reigns of Zaki, Sadeq, Ali-Morad, and Ja’far Khan Zand (1779–1789)Lotf-Ali Khan Zand (1789–1994)First-Person Testimony: Mr Jones and Lotf-Ali Khan’s diamondsThe Qajar Conquest 7 PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT AND FOREIGN RELATIONSWestern approachesThe Caspian Rim and AzerbaijanGeorgia and Transaraxia: into the Russian OrbitOttoman Turkey and IndiaThe Dutch and French East India CompaniesThe British East India Company 8 KARIM KHAN’S CHARACTER AND ACHIEVEMENTSThe people’s deputyReligious policiesRebuilding the economyRebuilding ShirazLeisure and the artsThe legend and the legacy BibliographyIndex