Information Wars in the Baltic States

Janis Chakars is Associate Professor of Communication and Digital Media at Neumann University, USA.Indra Ekmanis is Baltic Sea Fellow and Editor of the Baltic Initiative at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, USA.

• Chapter 1: Introduction.- Part I: The Weight of History.- Chapter 2: Echoes of the Past: Media and History in the Baltic Battlespace.- Chapter 3: Russian Disinformation: The Forest Brothers, Baltic Resistance, and NATO.- Part II: The Weight of Ethnicity.- Chapter 4: Making Sense of Public Media in Times of Geo-Political Crisis: Latvian Public Media and their Ethno-Linguistic Majority and Minority Audiences.- Chapter 5: Building Bridges: Estonian- and Russian-Speaking TV Audiences and the Value of Estonian Public Service Broadcasting, 2010–2020.-Chapter 6: Building or Banning? Russian-Language TV in Latvia.- Part III: The Digital Challenges.- Chapter 7: Bots, Trolls, Elves, and the Information War in Lithuania: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Problems.- Chapter 8: Robotrolling in the Baltic States.- Part IV: The Responses,- Chapter 9: Disinformation Analysis and Citizen Activism in the “Post-Truth” Era: The Case of DebunkEU.org.- Chapter 10: The Perils of Defense in an Information War: Media, Minorities, and the Threat Next Door.- Chapter 11: NATO’s Response to Information Warfare Threats.- Part V: The Complications.- Chapter 12: “Let Them Flee to Sweden: There, Everyone Looks at Them More Politely”: Gay Propaganda and LGBT Rights in the Baltic States.- Chapter 13: The Best of Enemies: Identity, Recursion, and the Convergence of Kremlin and Estonian Strategic Narratives in the Global Populist Discourse.- Part VI: Epilogue.- Chapter 14: Epilogue: Baltic Journalists Respond to Disinformation.