Anson Rabinbach is Professor in the Department of the Council of the Humanities at Princeton University and author of The Crisis of Austrian Socialism (Chicago, 1983).

• LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTSINTRODUCTION1 From Idleness to FatigueThe Body Without Fatigue: A Nineteenth-Century UtopiaThe Disappearance of IdlenessAristocratic IdlenessIdleness and IndustryWork and HygieneThe Discovery of FatigueThe Poetics of FatigueFatigue and Society2 Transcendenltal Materialism: The Primacy ofArbeitskraft (Labor Power)An Immense Reservoir of EnergyDematerialized MaterialismFrom the Human Machine to the Human MotorConservation of EnergyA Universe of Arbeitskraft: Helmholtz's Popular Scientific LecturesThe First Bourgeois Philosopher of Labor PowerAnimal Machines3 The Political Economy of Labor PowerThe Social Implications of Energy ConservationThe Marriage of Marx and HelmholtzThe Social Physiology of Labor PowerThe Emergence of Labor Power in MarxHegelian Helmholtzianism: Engels4 Time and Motion: Etienne-Jules Marey and theMechanics of the BodyMarey and ModernismAn Engineer of LifeThe Metaphor of the Motor goBodies in MotionThe Language of Physiological TimeMotionless Bodies Do Not ExistChronophotography: The Microscope of TimeTime and MotionThe Economy of Work5 The Laws of the Human MotorSocial HelmholtzianismMuscular ThermodynamicsElasticity and Efficiency: Auguste ChauveauCare and Feeding of the Human MotorThe Laws of Fatigue: Angelo Mosso and the Invention of the ErgographThe Science of ErgographyA Fatigue Vaccine?6 Mental Fatigue, Neurasthenia, and CivilizationMental FatiguePathological Fatigue: NeurastheniaMaterialism, the Will, and the Work EthicThe Law of the Least Effort: Civilization and Fatigue7 The European Science of WorkSocial EnergeticismFatigue and the European Science of WorkArbeitswissenschaft: The Science of Work in GermanyThe German Sociology of WorkIndustrial Psychotechnics8 The Science of Work and the Social QuestionBetween Productivism and ReformLabor Power: Capital of the NationThe Personal Productivity of the WorkerIndustrial Experiments: Hours and OutputFatigue and ProductivityThe Physiological Limit and the Ten-Hour DayThe Deployment of Social Energy: Military Training and Physical EducationFatigue, Knowledge, and Industrial AccidentsScience Between the Classes9 The Americanization of Labor Power and the Great War 1913--1919The Challenge of TaylorismTaylorism in France 1913-1914Jean-Marie Lahy: The Science of Work Against the Taylor SystemGerman Taylorism and the Science of WorkPsychotechnics and the Great WarThe Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Labor Physiology at WarErgonomics at the Front1O The Science of Work Between the WarsProductivism Between the WarsThe Rapprochement Between the Science of Work and TaylorismThe Institutionalization of the Science of WorkThe Era of PsychotechnicsIndustrial Psychology and the Pathology of WorkSocial Politics in the Plant and the Romantic Philosophy of WorkThe National Socialist Science of Work: DINTA and Beauty of LaborConclusion: The End of the Work-centered Society?The Legacy of the Human MotorThe Obsolescence of the BodyNOTESINDEX

Anson Rabinbach is Professor in the Department of the Council of the Humanities at Princeton University and author of The Crisis of Austrian Socialism (Chicago, 1983).

• LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTSINTRODUCTION1 From Idleness to FatigueThe Body Without Fatigue: A Nineteenth-Century UtopiaThe Disappearance of IdlenessAristocratic IdlenessIdleness and IndustryWork and HygieneThe Discovery of FatigueThe Poetics of FatigueFatigue and Society2 Transcendenltal Materialism: The Primacy ofArbeitskraft (Labor Power)An Immense Reservoir of EnergyDematerialized MaterialismFrom the Human Machine to the Human MotorConservation of EnergyA Universe of Arbeitskraft: Helmholtz's Popular Scientific LecturesThe First Bourgeois Philosopher of Labor PowerAnimal Machines3 The Political Economy of Labor PowerThe Social Implications of Energy ConservationThe Marriage of Marx and HelmholtzThe Social Physiology of Labor PowerThe Emergence of Labor Power in MarxHegelian Helmholtzianism: Engels4 Time and Motion: Etienne-Jules Marey and theMechanics of the BodyMarey and ModernismAn Engineer of LifeThe Metaphor of the Motor goBodies in MotionThe Language of Physiological TimeMotionless Bodies Do Not ExistChronophotography: The Microscope of TimeTime and MotionThe Economy of Work5 The Laws of the Human MotorSocial HelmholtzianismMuscular ThermodynamicsElasticity and Efficiency: Auguste ChauveauCare and Feeding of the Human MotorThe Laws of Fatigue: Angelo Mosso and the Invention of the ErgographThe Science of ErgographyA Fatigue Vaccine?6 Mental Fatigue, Neurasthenia, and CivilizationMental FatiguePathological Fatigue: NeurastheniaMaterialism, the Will, and the Work EthicThe Law of the Least Effort: Civilization and Fatigue7 The European Science of WorkSocial EnergeticismFatigue and the European Science of WorkArbeitswissenschaft: The Science of Work in GermanyThe German Sociology of WorkIndustrial Psychotechnics8 The Science of Work and the Social QuestionBetween Productivism and ReformLabor Power: Capital of the NationThe Personal Productivity of the WorkerIndustrial Experiments: Hours and OutputFatigue and ProductivityThe Physiological Limit and the Ten-Hour DayThe Deployment of Social Energy: Military Training and Physical EducationFatigue, Knowledge, and Industrial AccidentsScience Between the Classes9 The Americanization of Labor Power and the Great War 1913--1919The Challenge of TaylorismTaylorism in France 1913-1914Jean-Marie Lahy: The Science of Work Against the Taylor SystemGerman Taylorism and the Science of WorkPsychotechnics and the Great WarThe Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Labor Physiology at WarErgonomics at the Front1O The Science of Work Between the WarsProductivism Between the WarsThe Rapprochement Between the Science of Work and TaylorismThe Institutionalization of the Science of WorkThe Era of PsychotechnicsIndustrial Psychology and the Pathology of WorkSocial Politics in the Plant and the Romantic Philosophy of WorkThe National Socialist Science of Work: DINTA and Beauty of LaborConclusion: The End of the Work-centered Society?The Legacy of the Human MotorThe Obsolescence of the BodyNOTESINDEX

Anson Rabinbach is Professor in the Department of the Council of the Humanities at Princeton University and author of The Crisis of Austrian Socialism (Chicago, 1983).

• LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTSINTRODUCTION1 From Idleness to FatigueThe Body Without Fatigue: A Nineteenth-Century UtopiaThe Disappearance of IdlenessAristocratic IdlenessIdleness and IndustryWork and HygieneThe Discovery of FatigueThe Poetics of FatigueFatigue and Society2 Transcendenltal Materialism: The Primacy ofArbeitskraft (Labor Power)An Immense Reservoir of EnergyDematerialized MaterialismFrom the Human Machine to the Human MotorConservation of EnergyA Universe of Arbeitskraft: Helmholtz's Popular Scientific LecturesThe First Bourgeois Philosopher of Labor PowerAnimal Machines3 The Political Economy of Labor PowerThe Social Implications of Energy ConservationThe Marriage of Marx and HelmholtzThe Social Physiology of Labor PowerThe Emergence of Labor Power in MarxHegelian Helmholtzianism: Engels4 Time and Motion: Etienne-Jules Marey and theMechanics of the BodyMarey and ModernismAn Engineer of LifeThe Metaphor of the Motor goBodies in MotionThe Language of Physiological TimeMotionless Bodies Do Not ExistChronophotography: The Microscope of TimeTime and MotionThe Economy of Work5 The Laws of the Human MotorSocial HelmholtzianismMuscular ThermodynamicsElasticity and Efficiency: Auguste ChauveauCare and Feeding of the Human MotorThe Laws of Fatigue: Angelo Mosso and the Invention of the ErgographThe Science of ErgographyA Fatigue Vaccine?6 Mental Fatigue, Neurasthenia, and CivilizationMental FatiguePathological Fatigue: NeurastheniaMaterialism, the Will, and the Work EthicThe Law of the Least Effort: Civilization and Fatigue7 The European Science of WorkSocial EnergeticismFatigue and the European Science of WorkArbeitswissenschaft: The Science of Work in GermanyThe German Sociology of WorkIndustrial Psychotechnics8 The Science of Work and the Social QuestionBetween Productivism and ReformLabor Power: Capital of the NationThe Personal Productivity of the WorkerIndustrial Experiments: Hours and OutputFatigue and ProductivityThe Physiological Limit and the Ten-Hour DayThe Deployment of Social Energy: Military Training and Physical EducationFatigue, Knowledge, and Industrial AccidentsScience Between the Classes9 The Americanization of Labor Power and the Great War 1913--1919The Challenge of TaylorismTaylorism in France 1913-1914Jean-Marie Lahy: The Science of Work Against the Taylor SystemGerman Taylorism and the Science of WorkPsychotechnics and the Great WarThe Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Labor Physiology at WarErgonomics at the Front1O The Science of Work Between the WarsProductivism Between the WarsThe Rapprochement Between the Science of Work and TaylorismThe Institutionalization of the Science of WorkThe Era of PsychotechnicsIndustrial Psychology and the Pathology of WorkSocial Politics in the Plant and the Romantic Philosophy of WorkThe National Socialist Science of Work: DINTA and Beauty of LaborConclusion: The End of the Work-centered Society?The Legacy of the Human MotorThe Obsolescence of the BodyNOTESINDEX