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In The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480–1650) Marianne Ritsema van Eck analyses the development of the complex Observant Franciscan engagement with the Holy Land during the early modern period. During these eventful centuries friars of the Franciscan establishment in Jerusalem increasingly sought to cultivate strong ideological ties between themselves and the Holy Land, participating actively in contemporary literatures of geographia sacra and Levantine pilgrimage and travel. It becomes clear how the friars constructed a collective memory using the ideological canon of their order – featuring Bonaventurian theology, marvels of the east, cartography, apocalyptic visions of history, calls for Crusade, and finally a pilgrimage-possessio of the Holy Land by Francis.
Marianne P. Ritsema van Eck, Ph.D. (2017), University of Amsterdam, is assistant professor at the University of Leiden. She specializes in late medieval and early modern religious history, and has published on pilgrimage and travel, historical cartography, graffiti, and sacri monti.
AcknowledgementsNote on Transcriptions, Orthography, and DocumentationList of Figures1Franciscan Holy Land writing: Themes and Approaches1Social, Memorial, and Sacred Space2The “Holy” Land3Franciscan Holy Land Territoriality4Paul Walther von Guglingen and his Treatise5Synopsis2Situating the Sacred Centre in an Observant Franciscan Cosmos1Guglingen Sets the Scene2Jerusalem as the Sacred Middle Point of Bonaventure’s Metaphysical Circle3The Sacred Centre in later Franciscan Holy Land Writing4Marvels as Vestiges of the Sacred Centress5Conclusion3Holy Places, Sacred Travel1The Survival of Holy Land Pilgrimage2The Main Attraction or a Moot Point: Sacred Space3“Why do Protestants go on Holy Land pilgrimage?”: The Franciscan Perspective4Pilgrims between Curiosity and Devotion5Advising Pilgrims: Franciscan voyages to the Levant6Conclusion4St Francis and the Holy Land in the Fifteenth Century1Guglingen’s history of Jerusalem2Franciscan Expectations for the Future of the Holy Land3Guglingen’s call for Crusade4Late Medieval Franciscan Crusade projects and their Patrons5St Francis in the Holy Land6Conclusion5St Francis’ Possessio of the Holy Land in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries1Competing with Jesuits, Capuchins, and Greeks in early Ottoman Jerusalem2Territorial Franciscan Holy Land writing in the Seventeenth Century3Francesco Quaresmio’s Simulacrum of the Holy Land4Francis’ pilgrimage-possessio of the Holy Land5Prophecy, Conformity, and Apocalypticism6Conclusion6EpilogueBibliographyIndex