• Preface; 1. Beginnings; 2. Positivity and freedom; 3. The modernisation of Germany; 4. The new era; 5. Modern life and social reality; 6. The owl of Minerva and the critical mind; 7. The political economy of modern society; 8. Social classes, representation and pluralism; 9. The state - the consciousness of freedom; 10. War; 11. The English reform bill - the social problem again; 12. History - the progress towards the consciousness of freedom; Epilogue; Bibliography; Index.

'Anyone familiar with Avineri's splendid book on Marx will know what to expect here - great lucidity and readability, steady good sense, and a tremendous capacity for a sympathetic interpretation of his subject's intentions.' New Society

• Preface; 1. Beginnings; 2. Positivity and freedom; 3. The modernisation of Germany; 4. The new era; 5. Modern life and social reality; 6. The owl of Minerva and the critical mind; 7. The political economy of modern society; 8. Social classes, representation and pluralism; 9. The state - the consciousness of freedom; 10. War; 11. The English reform bill - the social problem again; 12. History - the progress towards the consciousness of freedom; Epilogue; Bibliography; Index.

'Anyone familiar with Avineri's splendid book on Marx will know what to expect here - great lucidity and readability, steady good sense, and a tremendous capacity for a sympathetic interpretation of his subject's intentions.' New Society

• Preface; 1. Beginnings; 2. Positivity and freedom; 3. The modernisation of Germany; 4. The new era; 5. Modern life and social reality; 6. The owl of Minerva and the critical mind; 7. The political economy of modern society; 8. Social classes, representation and pluralism; 9. The state - the consciousness of freedom; 10. War; 11. The English reform bill - the social problem again; 12. History - the progress towards the consciousness of freedom; Epilogue; Bibliography; Index.

'Anyone familiar with Avineri's splendid book on Marx will know what to expect here - great lucidity and readability, steady good sense, and a tremendous capacity for a sympathetic interpretation of his subject's intentions.' New Society