Health IT and Patient Safety

IOM's 1999 landmark study To Err is Human estimated that between 44,000 and 98,000 lives are lost every year due to medical errors. This call to action has led to a number of efforts to reduce errors and provide safe and effective health care. Information technology (IT) has been identified as a way to enhance the safety and effectiveness of care. In an effort to catalyze its implementation, the U.S. government has invested billions of dollars toward the development and meaningful use of effective health IT. Designed and properly applied, health IT can be a positive transformative force for delivering safe health care, particularly with computerized prescribing and medication safety. However, if it is designed and applied inappropriately, health IT can add an additional layer of complexity to the already complex delivery of health care. Poorly designed IT can introduce risks that may lead to unsafe conditions, serious injury, or even death. Poor human-computer interactions could result in wrong dosing decisions and wrong diagnoses. Safe implementation of health IT is a complex, dynamic process that requires a shared responsibility between vendors and health care organizations. Health IT and Patient Safety makes recommendations for developing a framework for patient safety and health IT. This book focuses on finding ways to mitigate the risks of health IT-assisted care and identifies areas of concern so that the nation is in a better position to realize the potential benefits of health IT. Health IT and Patient Safety is both comprehensive and specific in terms of recommended options and opportunities for public and private interventions that may improve the safety of care that incorporates the use of health IT. This book will be of interest to the health IT industry, the federal government, healthcare providers and other users of health IT, and patient advocacy groups. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Evaluating the Current State of Patient Safety and Health IT 3 Examination of the Current State of the Art in System Safety and Its Relationship to the Safety of Health ITAssisted Care 4 Opportunities to Build a Safer System for Health IT 5 Patients' and Families' Use of Health IT: Concerns About Safety 6 A Shared Responsibility for Improving Health IT Safety 7 Future Research for Care Transformation Appendix A: Glossary Appendix B: Literature Review Methods Appendix C: Abstract of "Roadmap for Provision of Safer Healthcare Information Systems: Preventing e-Iatrogenesis" Appendix D: Abstract of "The Impact of Regulation on Innovation in the United States: A Cross-Industry Literature Review" Appendix E: Dissenting Statement: Health IT Is a Class III Medical Device Appendix F: Committee Member and Staff Biographies