Handbook of Global Health, Security, and War

Martin Bricknell, PhD, is Professor of Conflict, Health, and Military Medicine in the Centre for Global Health Security and War at the School of Security Studies in King’s College London. Richard Sullivan, MD, PhD, is Professor of Cancer & Global Health at King’s College London.

• Author Biographies xPreface 1 xviPreface 2 xviiAbbreviations xviiiIntroduction xxiPart 1 Perspectives on Global Health and Security 1Chapter 1 An Overview to Global Health and Health Systems 3David Ross and Martin BricknellWhat is Health? 4What is a Health System? 6Health Services 7Health Systems and Security 10Looking Forward 11Sources and Resources 12Notes 12References 13Chapter 2 Perspectives on Security 14Zenobia Homan and Martin BricknellWhat is Security? 15Human Security 16National Security 17Global Security 18Trends, Threats, and Risk 19Insecurity and War 19Peace Studies 22Health Threats as a Risk to Security 23Looking Forward 24Sources and Resources 25Notes 25References 26Chapter 3 Impact of War on Health 28Kiran Attridge and Martin BricknellPopulations Affected by Conflict and War 29Primary Impacts on Health 29Secondary Impacts on Health Systems and Services 31Tertiary Impacts on Determinants of Health 32Timeline and Interrelationships of Impacts 33Looking Forward 35Sources and Resources 35Notes 36References 37Chapter 4 Globalisation, Climate Change, and Migration 38Geoff Whitman and Martin BricknellDefining Globalisation 39Climate Change 40Migration 41The Migration Journey and Health 42Looking Forward 45Sources and Resources 45Notes 47References 47Chapter 5 How Weapons Kill 49Sohrab Dalal and Martin BricknellIntroduction 50The Explosive and Ballistic Effects of Weapons 50CBRN Weapons 52Environmental Threats 54Epidemic Threats 54Emerging Weapon Technologies 55Left- of- Bang Prevention 55Looking Forward 56Sources and Resources 56Notes 58Reference 59Chapter 6 Law and Ethics in Armed Conflict 60Tracy Smart and Martin BricknellWhat is Law in War? 61Military Law and Ethics 64Healthcare Law and Ethics 64Specific Challenges in War 65Making Ethical Healthcare Decisions in War 66Looking Forward 70Sources and Resources 70Notes 74References 75Chapter 7 Global Health Security 76Ben Wakefield and Martin BricknellWhat is Global Health Security? 77Components of GHS and One Health 79Pandemics 80CBRN Weapons 82Antimicrobial Resistance 83Risks from Securitising Health 84Looking Forward 85Sources and Resources 85References 87Part 2 Health Services and Conflict 91Chapter 8 Health Systems Response to Crises 93Adarsh Tiwathia and Martin BricknellNational Response to Emergencies 94International Responses to Humanitarian Emergencies 96The International Humanitarian Health Response 98Sphere Handbook Health System Standards 100Health Systems and Standards 101Attacks on Healthcare 102Looking Forward 104Sources and Resources 104Appendix A 106Notes 106References 106Chapter 9 War and Physical Trauma 109Eddie Chaloner and Martin BricknellIntroduction 110‘Chains of Care’ 111Pre- Hospital Care 112First Aid 112Ambulance 113Resuscitation and Stabilisation 113Command and Control 114Triage 114Hospital Care 114Emergency Department 114Operating Department 115Nursing Department 116Rehabilitation and Recovery 117Governance and Data 117Looking Forward 118Sources and Resources 118Notes 120References 121Chapter 10 War, Communicable Disease, and Health Security 122Gemma Bowsher and Martin BricknellIntroduction 123Communicable Disease Threats in Humanitarian Emergencies 124Non- Health Prevention of Disease Outbreaks 126Surveillance, Detection, and Control of Outbreaks of Communicable Diseases 126(Global) Health Security 127Non- Health Impacts of Health Security Crises 128Looking Forward 129Sources and Resources 129Reference ‘Books’ 130Notes 131References 131Chapter 11 War and Maternal and Child Health 133Lucy Singh, Peter von Dadelszen and Martin BricknellIntroduction 134Community Sexual and Reproductive Health 137Antenatal, Intrapartum, and Postnatal Care 138Newborn Care 138Child Health and Protection 139Conflict- Related Sexual Violence 140Looking Forward 141Sources and Resources 142Note 144References 144Chapter 12 War, Non- Communicable Disease, and Palliative Care 146Richard Sullivan and Martin BricknellIntroduction 147Non- Communicable Diseases 148Palliative Care 149Therapeutic Geography 151Restoring ‘Normal’ Clinical Services 151Looking Forward 152Sources and Resources 153References 154Chapter 13 War and Mental Health 156Rachael Gribble and Martin BricknellIntroduction 157The Epidemiology of Mental Ill Health Due to Conflict and Humanitarian Crises: Research on Civilians and Military Personnel 159Risk Factors for Conflict- Related Mental Ill- Health 160The Impact of War on Social Health 162Clinically Treating Mental Ill Health Due to War 162Resilience 163Contents ixSpiritual Dimensions of Mental Ill Health Due to War 164Looking Forward 165Sources and Resources 165References 166Part 3 Research and Policy Advocacy for Global Health, Security, and War 171Chapter 14 Research in Health and Security 173Abdulkarim Ekzayez and Martin BricknellIntroduction 174Key Concepts and Terms in Research 176Reading a Source of Evidence 178Conducting Research in Health and Security 180Developing Health and Security as an Academic Topic 181Looking Forward 182Sources and Resources 182Notes 185References 185Chapter 15 Policymaking in Health and Security 187Ana Elisa Barbar and Martin BricknellIntroduction 188The ‘Policy to Practice’ Pathway 189Influencing Policy 190Challenges to Health Policymaking in the Face of War and Insecurity 192Looking Forward 194Sources and Resources 194Notes 197References 198Chapter 16 Conclusions and Looking Forward 200Richard Sullivan and Martin BricknellIntroduction 201COVID- 19 as a Warning of Vulnerability to Future Pandemics 202War as Destruction: Ukraine 203Intractible Conflict and Health: The Fight for Israeli and Palestinian Identity 204Is Contemporary War More Inhumane? 205Working in Health, Security, and Conflict 206Final Conclusion 207Notes 207References 207Index 208