Ella Fratantuono is an associate professor of History at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA. Her research and teaching focus on the Ottoman Empire, the Modern Middle East, migration, and genocide. Her work has appeared in venues including the Journal of Genocide Research and Border Criminologies. Her research has been supported by the US Fulbright Commission, the Andrew Mellon Foundation, and the American Philosophical Society.

• List of FiguresAcknowledgementsIntroduction: Labelling Mobility in a Regime in Motion Muhacir as Colonist Muhacir as Problem Muhacir as Victim Muhacir as Failure Muhacir as Muslim Muhacir as PossibilityConclusion: Categories of Movement and Categories of Belonging Bibliography Index

A truly remarkable achievement. Ella Fratantuono provides us with an impressive analysis of a subject generally understudied in the global literature of historical migration and skilfully demonstrates that mass migrations are not just the story of migrants. Within the imperial policies of demographic warfare, the migrants can be seen as victims as well as colonists, while for the governments, they were both a problem and an opportunity. This work will be a must read for students of the late Ottoman Empire.