Early Gaze

Tamara Berghmans is an art historian with a specialisation in photography, particularly in photohistorical research. Her academic focus encompasses a range of topics, including photobooks, art photography, subjective photography, and pictorialism. She has a strong interest in Belgian modern art photography, with a particular emphasis on the works of Ed van der Elsken and Sanne Sannes. Ingrid Leonard is a researcher and assistant curator at FOMU – Fotomuseum in Antwerp.

• 8ForewordAnn Deckers10IntroductionTamara Berghmans & Ingrid Leonard14Photography in Belgium: A Game of Magic and PowerTamara Berghmans & Ingrid Leonard184Photography, Nation-Building and Tourism in Belgium in the Nineteenth CenturyHerman Van Goethem190Urban Photography in Belgium (1839−1900)Herman Van Goethem198The Colonial GazeBambi Ceuppens204Between Art and Craft: Photography in ExhibitionsSteven F. Joseph210Photography and Ethics: Behind Every Image Lie Myriad DecisionsKaat Somers216Nineteenth-Century Judicial PhotographyPaul Drossens222Medical Photography and the Ethics of PublishingSteven F. Joseph228Sakala’s Silence: One-Sided Traces of His Life in the Colonial ArchiveLisa Yolanda Lambrechts234Revisiting Photographic Heritage: Decolonial and Intersectional PerspectivesSonia Mutaganzwa240Female Pioneers of Belgian PhotographyIngrid Leonard248Searching for Missing ImagesPool Andries254And Then the Light was Caught: The Oldest Surviving Photos of BelgiumStorm Calle258‘A Perverse Speciality’: A History of Pornographic Photography in Belgium (1860-1914)Leon Janssens264About the Authors265Dutch TranslationsNederlandse vertaling302Select Bibliography