Drawing in part from examples of policymaking in national educational systems and international organizations, education scholars describe, synthesize, and forecast how large-scale assessments and quantitative data impact evidence-based policymaking. In sections on preparing for, implementing, and evaluating national education reform, they consider such topics as the rhythmic application of evidence-based policy in national educational systems worldwide, the quality of higher education in the Arab region: which tools of assessment to use, the effects of governance reforms on school supervision: an analysis of six developing and emerging economies, and learning from successful examples: from local testing to international assessments.