This important study offers new perspectives on maritime hunter-gatherers based on more than two decades of cutting-edge archaeological research on San Clemente Island in southern California. Synthesizing more than 9,000 years of history, Raab, Cassidy, Yatsko, and Howard address some of the big issues in hunter-gatherer studies today: early seafaring, the timing of residential stability, long-term human-environmental interactions, sociopolitical complexity, and colonial encounters. This provocative book will energize healthy debate about maritime societies in California for years to come.