Salazar's splendid study gives this term a cultural history, and in the process shows how the rhetoric of character has profound effects on what we do from child-rearing, to physical exercise, to racial exclusion, to immigrant inclusion, and the contours of democratic citizenship itself. - Karen Sánchez-Eppler,Amherst College A comprehensive and original study of the various ways the rhetoric of character appeared in American culture. - Debra Bernardi (American Literary Realism) Dense and thought-provoking. - J.J. Benardete (Choice) This detailed and carefully argued book charts the development of character...drawing on a rich archive of primary sources. - William Gleason (The Journal of American History) James Salazar takes the term & characterpervasive and elusiveand accounts for its centrality by showing how it embodies the contradictions of modern America. In a series of intricate literary readings, he analyzes the ways in which the late-nineteenth-century obsession with building & character vivified social distinctions but also, in its instabilities, became the pivot for critique. - Samuel Otter,University of California, Berkeley [Salazar] ably integrates an impressive array of materials into his readings. (New England Quarterly)