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Cities are so common today that we cannot imagine a world without them. More than half of the world’s population lives in cities, and that proportion is growing. Yet for most of our history, there were no cities. Why, how, and when did urban life begin? Ancient cities have much to tell us about the social, political, religious, and economic conditions of their times—and also about our own. Ongoing excavations all over the world are enabling scholars to document intra-city changes through time, city-to-city interaction, and changing relations between cities and their hinterlands. The essays in this volume—presented at a Sackler colloquium of the National Academy of Sciences—reveal that archaeologists now know much more about the founding and functions of ancient cities, their diverse trade networks, their heterogeneous plans and layouts, and their various lifespans and trajectories.
IntroductionJoyce Marcus and Jeremy A. SabloffThe City through Time and Space: Transformations of CentralityColin RenfrewEarly Cities: Craft Workers, Kings, and Controlling the SupernaturalBruce G. TriggerAnalyzing CitiesMogens Herman HansenOther Perspectives on Urbanism: Beyond the Disciplinary BoundariesKarl W. ButzerBetween Concept and Reality: Case Studies in the Development of Roman Cities in the MediterraneanJanet DeLaineUrban Foundation, Planning, and Sustainability in the Roman Northwestern ProvincesMichael J. JonesA Tale of Two Cities: Lowland Mesopotamia and Highland AnatoliaElizabeth C. StoneRoyal Cities and Cult Centers, Administrative Towns, and Workmen’s Settlements in Ancient EgyptKathryn A. BardIndus Urbanism: New Perspectives on Its Origin and CharacterJonathan Mark KenoyerStages in the Development of “Cities” in Pre-Imperial ChinaLothar von FalkenhausenEarly African Cities: Their Role in the Shaping of Urban and Rural Interaction SpheresChapurukha M. KusimbaPomp and Circumstance before Belize: Ancient Maya Commerce and the New River ConurbationK. Anne PyburnIncidental Urbanism: The Structure of the Prehispanic City in Central MexicoKenneth G. HirthLinks in the Chain of Inka Cities: Communication, Alliance, and the Cultural Production of Status, Value, and PowerCraig MorrisCities and Urbanism: Central Themes and Future DirectionsJoyce Marcus and Jeremy A. Sabloff
“The…book is informative and authoritative….The editors review much literature on the study of cities, especially four models of cities developed by the University of Chicago sociologists working in the 1920s and 1930s.”—Norman Yoffee, Reviews in Anthropology, vol. 38, issue 4, 2009