Tone Sandhi

The primary challenge across the field of automatic speech recognition relies upon the understanding of creation of such acoustic models that are capable of representing distinct differences throughout the spoken languages. The design of such systems is undoubtedly affected by the parameters such as an Individual's age, gender, speaking style, dialectal variability, recording environment etc. The entire work in this book is based upon the four dialects of Punjabi language; classified as the 10th most spoken language across the world, with over 105 million native speakers. The book investigates on the various challenges faced during designing an enriching corpus and analyzing the dialectal variations by tracking the variance of different acoustic parameters such as pitch contour, formant frequency, and intensity for different toneme sounds. This book is also an attempt to discuss the process and problem of tone assimilation (tone sandhi) in di/multi-syllable words of Punjabi language where the occurrence of more than one tone is being anticipated.