Statistics

Roxy Peck is emerita associate dean of the College of Science and Mathematics and professor of statistics emerita at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. As a faculty member at Cal Poly from 1979 until 2009, Dr. Peck served for six years as chair of the statistics department before becoming associate dean, a position she held for 13 years. She received an M.S. in mathematics and a Ph.D. in applied statistics from the University of California, Riverside. Dr. Peck is nationally known in the area of statistics education, and she was presented with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Statistics Education at the U.S. Conference on Teaching Statistics in 2009. In 2003, she received the American Statistical Association’s Founder’s Award, recognizing her contributions to K-12 and undergraduate statistics education. She is a fellow of the American Statistical Association and an elected member of the International Statistics Institute. Dr. Peck served for five years as the chief reader for the Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Exam and has chaired the American Statistical Association’s Joint Committee with the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics on Curriculum in Statistics and Probability for Grades K-12 and the Section on Statistics Education. In addition to her texts in introductory statistics, Dr. Peck is co-editor of STATISTICAL CASE STUDIES: A COLLABORATION BETWEEN ACADEME AND INDUSTRY and is a member of the editorial board for STATISTICS: A GUIDE TO THE UNKNOWN, 4TH EDITION. Outside of the classroom, she likes to travel and spends her spare time reading mystery novels. Dr. Peck also collects Navajo rugs and travels to Arizona and New Mexico whenever she can find the time. Jay Devore is Professor Emeritus of Statistics at California Polytechnic State University. He earned his undergraduate degree in Engineering Science from the University of California at Berkeley, spent a year at the University of Sheffield in England, and finished his Ph.D. in statistics at Stanford University. Jay previously taught at the University of Florida and at Oberlin College and has had visiting appointments at Stanford, Harvard, the University of Washington, New York University, and Columbia University. From 1998 to 2006, he served as Chair of the Cal Poly Statistics Department. In addition to this book, Jay has written several other widely used statistics texts for engineers and scientists and a book in applied mathematical statistics. He recently coauthored a text in probability and stochastic processes. He is the recipient of a distinguished teaching award from Cal Poly, is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association, and has served several terms as an Associate Editor of the “Journal of the American Statistical Association.” In his spare time, he enjoys reading, cooking and eating good food, tennis, and travel to faraway places. He is especially proud of his wife, Carol, a retired elementary school teacher, his daughter Allison, who has held several high-level positions in nonprofit organizations in Boston and New York City, and his daughter Teresa, a high school teacher in Brooklyn.

• 1. THE ROLE OF STATISTICS AND THE DATA ANALYSIS PROCESS. Why Study Statistics. The Nature and Role of Variability. Statistics and the Data Analysis Process. Types of Data and Some Simple Graphical Displays.2. COLLECTING DATA SENSIBLY.Statistical Studies: Observation and Experimentation. Sampling. Simple Comparative Experiments. More on Experimental Design. More on Observational Studies: Designing Surveys (Optional). Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.3. GRAPHICAL METHODS FOR DESCRIBING DATA. Displaying Categorical Data: Comparative Bar Charts and Pie Charts. Displaying Numerical Data: Stem-and-Leaf Displays. Displaying Numerical Data: Frequency Distributions and Histograms. Displaying Bivariate Numerical Data. Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.4. NUMERICAL METHODS FOR DESCRIBING DATA. Describing the Center of a Data Set. Describing Variability in a Data Set. Summarizing a Data Set: Boxplots. Interpreting Center and Variability: Chebyshev's Rule, the Empirical Rule, and z Scores. Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.5. SUMMARIZING BIVARIATE DATA. Correlation. Linear Regression: Fitting a Line to Bivariate Data. Assessing the Fit of a Line. Nonlinear Relationships and Transformations. Logistic Regression (Optional). Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.6. PROBABILITY. Interpreting Probabilities and Basic Probability Rules. Probability as a Basis for Making Decisions. Estimating Probabilities Empirically and by Using Simulation.7. RANDOM VARIABLES AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS. Describing the Distribution of Values in a Population. Population Models for Continuous Numerical Variables. Normal Distributions. Checking for Normality and Normalizing Transformations.8. SAMPLING VARIABILITY AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION. Statistics and Sampling Variability. The Sampling Distribution of a Sample Mean. The Sampling Distribution of a Sample Proportion.9. ESTIMATION USING A SINGLE SAMPLE. Point Estimation. Large-Sample Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion. Confidence Interval for a Population Mean. Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.10. HYPOTHESIS TESTING USING A SINGLE SAMPLE. Hypotheses and Test Procedures. Errors in Hypotheses Testing. Large-Sample Hypothesis Tests for a Population Proportion. Hypotheses Tests for a Population Mean. Power and Probability of Type II Error. Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.11. COMPARING TWO POPULATIONS OR TREATMENTS. Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Independent Samples. Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Paired Samples. Large Sample Inferences Concerning a Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Proportions. Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.12. THE ANALYSIS OF CATEGORICAL DATA AND GOODNESS-OF-FIT TESTS. Chi-Square Tests for Univariate Data. Tests for Homogeneity and Independence in a Two-way Table. Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.13. SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION AND CORRELATION: INFERENTIAL METHODS. Simple Linear Regression Model. Inferences About the Slope of the Population Regression Line. Checking Model Adequacy. Inferences Based on the Estimated Regression Line (Optional). Inferences About the Population Correlation Coefficient (Optional). Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses.14. MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS. Multiple Regression Models. Fitting a Model and Assessing Its Utility. Inferences Based on an Estimated Model (online). Other Issues in Multiple Regression (online). Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses (online).15. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE. Single-Factor ANOVA and the F Test. Multiple Comparisons. The F Test for a Randomized Block Experiment (onlin