Quantum Effect Physics, Electronics and Applications

This volume contains contributions presented at the International Workshop on Quantum Effect Physics, Electronics and Applications, held in Luxor, Egypt, in January 1992. It comprises up-to-date results, and has been divided into seven chapters. The first comprises three talks which were given in the plenary session. Although not directly related to quantum phenomena, the three talks covered topics that can be regarded as competing concepts and technologies with quantum effects in terms of their potential for the future. The second chapter covers theoretical calculations and models of bandstructure, transport, fluctuations, and noise in confined geometries. By confinement we mean two-dimensional, one-dimensional, and zero-dimensional structures. In every chapter the talks are organized according to this order. The third chapter deals with nanofabrication, its challenges, and its prospectives. In the fourth chapter, experimental transport results are presented. This covers ballistic transport, electron motion in the presence of a modulating potential, and transport in quantum wires and point contacts. The fifth chapter deals with optical properties and spectroscopy results in vertical superlattices, wires and dots, and arrays of dots and anti-dots. The materials discussed were not limited in this case to GaAs and its related compounds, but also covered SiSiGe heterostructures. The sixth chapter covers one of the most promising aspects of quantum transport, which is resonant tunnelling and Coulomb blockade. The seventh chapter moves to applications based on quantum phenomena covering the device level, the circuit level and the system level.