Paris Agreement on Climate Change

Edited by Geert Van Calster, Full Professor, KU Leuven, Belgium, Visiting Professor, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia and a practising member of the Belgian Bar and Leonie Reins, Erasmus Law School, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands

• Contents: Table of cases xxiTable of legislationIntroduction –The Paris Agreement on Climate Change 1Leonie Reins and Geert Van CalsterThe Preamble 5Ben BoerArticle 1 Scope of obligations: terms and definitions 33Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 2 Aims, objectives and principles 73Navraj Singh GhaleighArticle 3 Aims, objectives and principles 94Navraj Singh Ghaleigh and Cleo VerkuijlArticle 4 Mitigation 109Benoît MayerArticle 5 Sinks, reservoirs of GHGs and forests 133Annalisa Savaresi and Lucia PeruginiArticle 6 Voluntary cooperation/NDCs 148Matthieu WemaëreArticle 7 Adaptation 172Cathrine Ramstad WengerArticle 8 Loss and damage 200Elisa Calliari, Lisa Vanhala, Linnéa Nordlander, Daniel Puig, Fatemeh Bakhtiari,Md Fahad Hossain, Saleemul Huq, and M. Feisal RahmanArticle 9 Finance 218Michael MehlingArticle 10 Technology development and transfer 237Matthew RimmerArticle 11 Capacity-building 260Gokce MeteArticle 12 Education and training 284Jelena Bäumler and Thomas SchomerusArticle 13 Enhanced transparency framework for action and support 302Harro van Asselt and Kati KulovesiArticle 14 The global stocktake 326Marjan PeetersArticle 15 Compliance mechanism 347Lisa Benjamin, Rueanna Haynes and Bryce RudykArticle 16 Institutional provisions 364Jed OdermattArticle 17 Institutional provisions 369Jed OdermattArticle 18 Institutional provisions 371Jed OdermattArticle 19 Institutional provisions 373Jed OdermattArticle 20 Concluding the Paris Agreement: signature and consent to be bound 375Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 21 Entry into force and ratification 386Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 22 Amending the Paris Agreement 390Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 23 Annexes to the Paris Agreement 395Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 24 Settlement of disputes under the Paris Agreement 400Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 25 Voting rights 411Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 26 Depositary of the Paris Agreement 414Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 27 Reservations to the Paris Agreement 416Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 28 Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement 422Rowena Cantley-SmithArticle 29 Authentication and adoption of the Paris Agreement’s text 428Rowena Cantley-SmithIndex 435

'This Commentary brings together 22 eminent climate, energy and environmental law scholars to provide a much-needed, comprehensive analysis of the ground-breaking Paris Agreement. This will be a valuable go-to resource for policy makers, scholars and students alike.'