Ottomanism and Inter-Communal Relations

Probably it will not be wrong to define the nineteenth century as the "loneliest" period of the Ottoman Empire. Its loneliness, however, cannot be completely attributed to the general external political atmosphere of the epoch and Ottomans' relationship with other powers. It was becoming lonely, because its components which were making it whole, were crumbling, as its millet communities began to alienate from each other...