Morphology of Maxillary Central Incisor on Expression of Torque

The present book is based on an original research topic, "Evaluation of the influence of morphology of maxillary central incisor on expression of torque using 2-d surface scanning -an in vitro study."This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variation in the morphology of maxillary central incisor on expression of torque. 30 extracted maxillary central incisors were studied using Radiographs and 2 D surface scanning using 3D white light scanning through breuckmann "Smart SCAN" 3D scanner to obtain image of each sample with accuracy level of .008mm.Radiographs were used for measurement of crown root angle while 2D scanning was done to measure variation in convexity of labial surface of crown. To confirm the findings of 2D scan, measurement of one randomly selected sample was done on 3D model using3D white light scanning through breuckmann "smart SCAN "3D scanner machine with accuracy level of .008 mm.The findings of this study show that after full arch wire engagement the same arch wire in the same pre-angulated bracket results, for each tooth, in different root torque due to variable labial crown morphology and a varying Crown to Root Angle.