Modeling & Dynamical Stress Analysis

Of all body parts, the head is the most frequent site of life-threatening injury causing not only fatality but also permanent damage in central nervous system (CNS) and subsequent invalidity for the rest of life. Often head injury shows no or little superficial fracture in skull, but results in traumatic brain injury (TBI). In-road traffic accidents account for 40-50% of all head injuries; they are also often the cause of the most severe ones. Domestic and industrial accidents cause 20-30%, while most of the rest are caused by sports and recreation (10- 15%) and assaults (10%) [1] Prevention of head injury in traffic accidents, sports ccidents and domestic falls is of great importance in recent times. Number of fatal head injury has been reduced substantially through the introduction of injury protection measures such as helmet, safety belt and airbag. To design safety mechanisms and devices for motorcycle riders one needs a thorough understanding of head injury mechanics which requires knowledge on how external head load is translated into the internal head structures, and beyond what critical load level these structures are damaged under real life crash situations.