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This study examines how various catacomb networks in Rome were eliminated and subsequently restored to the historical record as specifically Jewish sites. By exploring the evolution, interpretation and presentation of these catacombs from ancient times to the present, it offers fresh insights into their historical significance and the impact they have had on later generations. Understanding how this situation relates to the broader context of archaeological activity in Rome also highlights important changes in the study of catacombs during the nineteenth century that led to the identification of additional Jewish catacombs and other material evidence of Jews in Ancient Rome.
Jessica Dello Russo, Ph.D. (2022), is a historian specializing in archaeology and material culture studies. She has extensively published on Jewish archaeology and is the co-editor of Le catacombe ebraiche di Venosa: Recenti interventi, studi e ricerche (2020).
AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsAbbreviationsIntroductionPrologue: a Catacomb Discovery in Rome (1860)1 Ugly Antiquities: Religion and Reason in the Catacombs of Rome1.1 Topography in Transition in the Suburbs of Rome1.2 Humanistic Study of Jewish Antiquities in Rome2 Sacra Selecta: Relic Invention and the “Science of Piety”2.1 Unaccustomed Earth: Ruin to Relic in the Early Modern Age2.2 Laboratories of Worship: Catacomb Repossession during the Counter-Reform2.3 Ecclesia Subterranea: Dividing the Sacred Spoils2.4 Lighting the Way to Christ: Jewish Memorials in a Universal Design3 The Discovery and Exploration of the Jewish Catacomb of Vigna Randanini3.1 Excavations in the Vigna Randanini in 18593.2 Site Survey and Spoliation Prior to 18593.3 Deliberations on the First Excavation Season in 18593.4 External Structure M: Building Phases and Functions3.5 Transitional Regions G-H-L3.6 Arrested Development of Galleries H3 and G23.7 Gallery Growth Southwest of M3.8 Chambers 1–63.9 External Discoveries within the Necropolis (1859–1862)3.10 Additional Catacomb Cleaning (1861–1862)3.11 Results of the Excavations of March–May 18623.12 Preliminary Results in Region D (May 18, 1862)3.13 Preliminary Results in Region A (May 18, 1862)3.14 Preliminary Results in Region B (May 18, 1862)3.15 Additional Clearing of Region B (1862–1863)3.16 Identification and Study of Staircase II and Chamber 123.17 Access into the Catacomb from Region A3.18 The Master Builders: Giovanni Battista de Rossi and Raffaele Garrucci4 Post-excavation Site Study4.1 The End of the Affair: Termination of Digging Activity and Consolidation of the Finds4.2 The Harvest Sown: Jewish Deliberations on the Catacombs4.3 The Sellout: Catacomb Commercialization and Its Destructive Results4.4 New Site Study (1882–1884)4.5 Interventions in the Catacomb (1895–1918)4.6 New Site Study during the Interwar Period (1918–1939)4.7 Tragic Repose: Catacomb Commercialization to 19464.8 Post-World War Two Recovery EffortsConclusion: Why the Jewish Catacombs MatterBibliographyIndex