Immigrants and Innovative Law

Mark A. Awabdy provides a nuanced and extensive understanding of the noun ?? ( g?r, engl. immigrant) in the book of Deuteronomy (D). He argues that a precise reconstruction of the historical referents of D's g?r is impossible and has led scholars to misread or overlook literary, theological, and sociological determinants. By analyzing D's g?r texts and contexts, evidence emerges for: the non-Israelite and non-Judahite origins of D's g?r ; the distinction between the g?r in D's prologue-epilogue and legal core; and the different meanings and origins of D's "g?r -in-Egypt" and "'ebed -in-Egypt" formulae. Awabdy further contends that D's revision of Exodus' Decalogue and Covenant Code and independence from H reveal D's tendencies to accommodate the g?r and interface the g?r with YHWH's redemption of Israel. He concludes by defining how D integrates the g?r into the community of YHWH's people.