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This open-access book offers a comparative analysis of changes in employment structures on a global scale, focusing on employment trends during the first decades of the 21st century across 17 developed and developing economies, including countries from Europe, North America, Central and Latin America, and Asia.
Sergio Torrejón Pérez is an economic and policy analyst at the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission in Spain. Enrique Fernández-Macías is a researcher at the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission in Spain.John Hurley is a senior research manager at EUROFOUND in Dublin, Ireland.
Part I: Introduction.- 1. Why this study now?.- 2. The debate: context and literature review.- 3. Approach and methods.- Part II: Analytical content.- 4. Employment shifts in Europe from 1997 to 2021: the cases of Ireland, France, Spain, Germany, the Czech Republic, Italy, Sweden and Romania.- 5. Job Polarization in the United States in the 21st Century: Studying Shifts in Employment Structures Using Occupations and Sectors.- 6. Structural Changes in Canadian Employment from 1997 to 2022.- 7. Changes in the employment structure and the debate on occupational polarization in Latin America: the cases of Argentina, Chile and Mexico.- 8. Structural Changes in Brazilian Employment (2002-2021).- 9. Changes in the employment structure in India from 2012 to 2020: a trend towards job upgrading and de-routinization.- 10. Shifts in Composition of Jobs: Upgrading, Downgrading or Polarization? The Case of Russia 2000-2019.- 11. Structural Changes in South Korean Employment (2000–2021).- Part III: Summary and final remarks.- 12. Main patterns of employment change at the global level.- 13. Conclusions.
Kim Foster, Peta Marks, Anthony O'Brien, John Hurley, Australia) Foster, Kim (Professor and Eileen O'Connor Chair of Mental Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia) Marks, Peta (National Programs Manager, InsideOut Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, and Australian Health Consulting, New Zealand) O'Brien, Anthony, BN, MPhil(Hons), PhD, FNZCMHN, ONZM (Associate Professor, Mental Health Nursing, University of Waikato, Australia) Hurley, John, MSc(Nurs), PhD, FACMHN (Professor of Mental Health, Southern Cross University