FEM Analysis Of Closed Die Forging

Forging is one of the oldest metal working operations known and is used in making parts of widely varying sizes and shapes from variety of metals Closed die forging is one types of forging process in which different types metal are deformed plastically to obtain the required product geometry in a closed cavity that contains shape of the product. The physical phenomena of forging operations, which numerous advantages it has, therefore, are difficult to express with quantitative relationships. The metal flow, friction at the tool/material interface, the heat generation and transfer during plastic flow, and the relationships between microstructure/properties and process conditions are difficult to predict and analyze. Therefore, in most of the time products and their corresponding dies are made by trial and error to reach to the final correct product shape, which is a costly process as materials are wasted in the process as well as it takes considerable time of the expert involved in the operation. With the applications of finite elemental method some of the problems of analysis could be reduced significantly. FEM softwares are very much important in this regard.