Facing Relativism

This book tackles the difficult task of defending relativism in the age of science. It succeeds whereothers have failed by combining the rigor of analytic philosophy with the first-hand insights ofanthropological experience. Typically, an anthropologist's work on relativism offers rich examplesof cultural diversity, but lacks philosophical rigor, while a philosopher's work on relativism offersrigorous argumentation, but lacks rich anthropological examples. Facing Relativism, written bya North American philosopher who lived in the Ecuadorian rainforest, does both. Relativism at a global scale is a view that our claims about the world, both theoretical and practical,are evaluable only relative to a context shaped by factors such as culture, history, language, andenvironment - or, "a way of life." It can be at once intuitive and disturbing. While we might expecta way of life to exert some influence on our claims, relativism seems to move to the overly strongconclusion that all of our claims about what is true or good must merely be expressions of culturalbias. It easily opens itself to a host of charges, including paradox and self-contradiction. Facing Relativism argues that such problems arise largely from a failure to situate the viewwithin the context that has, throughout its long history, been its inspiration: the experience -whether through literature, the imagination, or direct anthropological contact - of deeplyengaging with a very different way of life. By starting with a careful analysis of the experienceof deep engagement, this book shows that relativism is neither as incoherent nor as alarmingas we tend to think. In fact, it might just offer the tools we need to face these times of globalcrisis and change. Alyssa Luboff has produced an exceptional defense of a cultural relativism that recognizes how the epistemic and the ethical intertwine in a way of life. Drawing from her deep engagement over many years with the Chachi and traditional Afro-Ecuadorian people, she provides vivid and compelling examples of how one can come to understand another way of life as well-reasoned, coherent, and integrated, as challenging to one's own commitments at the same time that one challenges it. Luboff combines her deep engagement with command of the relevantphilosophical and anthropological literature. She presents the major arguments against relativism in a sympathetic and generous way, and carefully responds with a sophisticated relativism that acknowledges how the world resists and responds to different conceptual shapings of it. This book is beautifully written and will engage both the academic specialist and the intelligent general reader. - David Wong, Duke University By the time her brilliant faceoff isover, philosophical relativism will never again be seen as a straw man. - Richard A. Shweder, University of Chicago This book will interest readers who seek an astute account of how the pursuit of "truth" - whether relative or absolute - enters into practices of power. Luboff 's treatment is impressive. - Michael Krausz, Bryn Mawr College and Linacre College, Oxford University