Emerging Trends in Phytotherapy of Cancer

Mahendra Rai is an internationally recognized scholar with extensive contributions to microbial biotechnology and nanobiotechnology research, particularly in the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using fungi and their application as nano‑antimicrobials. His work is highly interdisciplinary, bridging microbiology, biotechnology, and nanoscience, and he is an active member of several scientific societies. He has received multiple national and international distinctions, including the Father T.A. Mathias Award from the All-India Association for Christian Higher Education and the Medini Award from the Government of India. Professor Rai has also held numerous visiting scientist and visiting professor positions across Europe, South America, and Asia, contributing to long‑standing research collaborations in countries such as Brazil, Argentina, Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, Germany, and the United States. His sustained academic impact is reflected in his inclusion among the global top 2% of scientists in nanoscience and nanotechnology, and recognition as one of India’s leading researchers in biology and biochemistry, including a Biology and Biochemistry India Leader Award from Research.com. Dr. Shandesh Bhattarai is a Research Scientist at the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Nepal. He is a dedicated researcher with over thirteen years of postdoctoral experience in plant science, in addition to seven years of prior research in the same field. He also has two years of university-level teaching experience.Dr. Bhattarai is widely published in reputed plant science journals and brings expertise in applied ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, plant systematics, plant taxonomy, bioassays, invasive alien plant species, and biodiversity conservation. His work emphasizes the integration of traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches.

• Section 1: Introduction to Phytotherapy for Cancer and Its Prevention1. Introduction to Phytotherapy in Cancer Treatment2. Interaction between plant-based drugs and modern medicine used for cancer: Efficacy and side effects3. Recent Developments in Bioactive Compounds for Cancer TreatmentSection 2: Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plants in Cancer Treatment4. Ethnomedicinal Plants Used in Cancer Treatment5. Ayurvedic Herbs in Oncological Care: Traditional Wisdom Meets Modern Science6. Combining Ethnomedicine with Conventional Cancer TherapiesSection 3: Role of Secondary Metabolites in Cancer Treatment7. Alkaloids as novel therapeutic agents in Cancer Treatment8. Flavonoids in Cancer Treatment: Structures, Mechanisms, and Future Directions9. Phytocannabinoids as Bioassay Targets in Anticancer Chemotherapy10. Terpenoids and Phenolics as Anticancer Agents11. Glycosides in Cancer Treatment12. Role of Saponins in Cancer Treatment13. Impact of Phytochemicals on Cancer: A Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Perspective14. Techniques of extraction of medicinal plants, quality assessment reproducibility15. Synergistic Effects of Secondary Metabolites in Cancer TreatmentSection 4: Plant-Based Drugs for Cancer Recommended by FDA/WHO16. FDA-Approved Plant-Based Drugs for Cancer Treatment17. WHO-Recommended Plant-Based Therapies for Cancer18. Case Studies of Notable Plant-Based Drugs (Paclitaxel, Vincristine, Camptothecin Derivatives, Etoposide)19. Clinical Applications and Advancements in Camptothecin-Based Cancer TherapiesSection 5: Phytotoxicity of Secondary Metabolites and Essential Oils20. Toxicity of Key Secondary Metabolites and Essential Oils21. Regulatory and Ethical Considerations in Phytotoxicity of plant-based drugs used in CancerSection 6: Nanotechnology and AI Applications in Medicinal Plants Used in Cancer22. Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants-Based Carbon Dots for Imaging Cancer Cells and Conducting Phototherapy23. Designing Nanocomposites Using Bioactive Metabolites Derived from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants to Combat Cancer24. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery of Natural Products in Cancer25. Targeting triple-negative breast cancer signaling via phytonanomedicine26. Artificial Intelligence-Guided Discovery of Anticancer Lead Compounds from Plants27. Emerging Machine Learning Techniques for the Development and Analysis of Anticancer Drugs from Plants