Diabetes and Neurodegeneration

Debasis Bagchi, PhD, MACN, CNS, MAIChE, received his Ph.D. in Medicinal Chemistry in 1982. He is a Professor in the Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, and Chief Scientific Officer at Cepham Research Center, Piscataway, NJ, Adjunct Faculty in Texas Southern University, Houston, TX. He served as the Senior Vice President of Research & Development of InterHealth Nutraceuticals Inc, Benicia, CA, from 1998 until Feb 2011, and then as Director of Innovation and Clinical Affairs, of Iovate Health Sciences, Oakville, ON, until June 2013. Dr. Bagchi received the Master of American College of Nutrition Award in October 2010. He is the Past Chairman of International Society of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (ISNFF), Past President of American College of Nutrition, Clearwater, FL, and Past Chair of the Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Division of Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), Chicago, IL. He is serving as a Distinguished Advisor on the Japanese Institute for Health Food Standards (JIHFS), Tokyo, Japan. Dr. Bagchi is a Member of the Study Section and Peer Review Committee of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. He has published 321 papers in peer reviewed journals, 30 books, and 18 patents. Dr. Bagchi is also a Member of the Society of Toxicology, Member of the New York Academy of Sciences, Fellow of the Nutrition Research Academy, and Member of the TCE stakeholder Committee of the Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH. He is also Associate Editor for the Journal of Functional Foods, Journal of the American College of Nutrition, and the Archives of Medical and Biomedical Research, and is also serving as Editorial Board Member of numerous peer reviewed journals, including Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, Cancer Letters, Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, and The Original Internist, among others. Samudra Prosad Banik, Ph.D., received his PhD degree in Life Sciences from Jadavpur University in 2009 after working in the field of Fungal Biotechnology from the CSIR –Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India. Dr. Banik is currently working as Assistant Professor at the Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, University of Calcutta at Kolkata, India. After completing his Masters in Biophysics and Molecular Biology at the University of Kolkata in 2003, Dr. Banik was awarded a travel grant to work in a short project of genetically engineered rice with increased photosynthetic efficiency at International Rice Research Institute, Philippines. Thereafter he completed his PhD. at IICB where he identified an alternative pathway of vesicles mediated protein secretion in filamentous fungus, and performed biophysical characterization of the glycosylated fungal enzyme assemblies. Upon joining Maulana Azad College, Dr. Banik continued his research on behavior of glycosylated/glycated proteins in higher eukaryotes. In the process, he eventually shifted his attention towards glycated proteins formed during hyperglycemia and its associated consequences chiefly with regards to neuronal disorders. He has been the recipient of three research projects and has published more than 32 research articles in SCOPUS/Web of Science indexed journals along with 15 book chapters published by CRC Press/Wiley/CRC Press. Dr. Banik has edited one book on Biofuels which is scheduled to come out early next year from CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. He is an active reviewer of significant journals including Heliyon, PLOS One and Journal of American Nutrition Association. He is presently the Joint-Convenor of Research Committee at Maulana Azad College. His current research interests include understanding the mechanism of stabilization of proteins by osmolytes as well as structural changes inflicted in proteins due to glycation. Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia MBBS, MD, DM, MAMS received his D.M. in Neurology in 2009 from King George Medical University, Lucknow, India. He did his MBBS and M.D.(Medicine) from Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. At present he is Professor & Head in the Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. He served in the University at various administrative posts like Student Advisor, Anti Ragging Committee of University team, Deputy Chief Proctor etc.,He also served as founder Nodal officer of Ayushman Bharat Yojana (Biggest Health Scheme Yojana in World) in Sir Sundar Lal Hospital, I.M.S. BHU. He is Executive Council Member of AIIMS, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Dr. Chaurasia received various awards/prizes from different Scientific/Non-scientific organizations and Societies for creating awareness about various neurological diseases in societies. His passion is to serve the needy people of India living in remote areas of different states of India by arranging health camps with the help of National Medicos Organization and Sewa Bharati of India. He also got teacher awards on teacher’s day from Governor and Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, India in 2017 and 2021 respectively. Dr R N Chaurasia has contributed >90 research papers in various peer reviewed national and international journals. He also contributed >10 book chapters in various books. He is reviewer of many national and international peer reviewed journals (>6). His main area of research is in the field of stroke, Epilepsy, cognitive science and CNS infections. He is member of various academic bodies in the field of neurosciences like Indian Academy of Neurology, Neurological Society of India, International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society & American Academy of Neurology etc.

• INTRODUCTION: PATHOGENESIS OF DIABETES AND DEMENTIA1. Why and when does one have high blood sugar?2. The History of hyperglycemia: key milestones in the inception of the disease in human health3. Neurodegeneration: How to identify the primary symptoms of cognitive impairment4. Direct consequences of diabetes over the nervous system: Structural and electrophysiological changesDISCOVERING THE BRIDGE BETWEEN DIABETES AND DEMENTIA5. Early Clinical Evidence that suggest a strong link between Hyperglycemia and onset of neurodegeneration6. Case studies for a systematic understanding of development of dementia in diabetic or pre-diabetic patients7. Susceptibility assessment of dementia in diabetic or prediabetic conditions8. Metabolic connections between Diabetes and AD9. Role of diabetes and altered metabolic homeostasis in age related dementia10. Oxidative stress in brain accelerates the onset of neurodegeneration in hyperglycemic individuals11. Cardiovascular diseases in diabetic individuals aggravate the propensity of dementia12. Disruption of insulin signaling causes major cognitive impairmentBIOMARKERS AND PATHWAYS WHICH CONNECT DIABETES AND DEMENTIA13. Early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of diabetes and cognitive impairment14. Periphery biomarkers to assess the vulnerability of Type 2 diabetic patients to AD15. Advanced Glycated End (AGE) Product: the most significant metabolic by-product implicated in dementia16. The Physiological role of AGE: RAGE axis in the body: Implications in cellular defense17. Role of AGE molecules in protein misfolding and aggregation18. AGE molecules as major culprits behind amyloidogenic protein aggregation19. Shared pathways of Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease20. Role of gut microbial amyloids in progressive cognitive decline21. Exploring the unknown territory of Gut: Brain axis in diabetic patients: impact of elevated blood sugar on microbial amyloidsTHERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES TO ARREST AND/OR DELINK DIABETES AND DEMENTIA22. Evaluation of efficacy of antidiabetic drugs to arrest dementia23. Targeting Insulin resistance to treat cognitive impairment24. RAGE based therapeutic interventions: Do they aggravate or ameliorate dementia?25. Soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) receptors as novel therapeutic intervention to arrest amyloid associated pathogenesis26. Assessing the efficacy of antidiabetic phytotherapeutic interventions towards improvement of cognitive functionsFUTURE FRONTIERS IN DIABETES AND DEMENTIA27. Commentary: Diabetes and cognitive health: How can we save the future generation