Thomas O. Hueglin Thomas O. Hueglin is a professor in the Department of Political Science at Wilfrid Laurier University.Alan Fenna is Professor of Politics at the John Curtin Institute of Public Policy, Curtin University, Western Australia. He is the author of a range of journal articles, book chapters, and reports on economic policy, social policy, constitutional issues, and federalism.

• List of Illustrations Acknowledgments Preface 1. The Promise of Federalism The Case for Federalism Federalism and European Integration The Resilience of Established Federations Federalism and Democratization Federalism and Conflict Management 2. Federal Principles, Federal Organization What Is Federalism? Group Identity Divided Powers Constitutional Guarantees Negotiating Compromise Social Solidarity Evaluating Federalism 3. Federal Systems Analytic Criteria Models and Variations Contextual Variables 4. Three Traditions of Federal Thought Consociational Federalism in Early Modern Europe Republican Federalism in the Eighteenth Century Socioeconomic Federalism in the Nineteenth Century and Beyond 5. The Formation of Federal States The Federal Compromise: Explanatory Perspectives The United States and the Invention of Modern Federalism Reluctant Confederation in Canada Germany from Reich to Republic Economic Integration and the EU Imitations and Variations Devolutionary Federalism 6. Dividing Powers Issues, Decisions, and Approaches The American Experiment Canada: Centralist Intentions Germany: The Administrative Model Subsidiarity in the EU Imitations and Variations 7. Fiscal Federalism Patterns of Public Finance Fiscal Pluralism in the United States Fiscal Balance in Canada Fiscal Equitability in Germany Incomplete Fiscal Union in the EU Imitations and Variations 8. Federalism as a System of Dual Representation Design Options The American Senate Model Canada: A Case of Pseudo-Bicameralism Germany: The Federal Solution The European Union: A Case of Second-Chamber Governance Imitations and Variations 9. Intergovernmental Relations Patterns of Cooperation "Cooperative" Federalism in the United States Executive Federalism in Canada Interlocking Federalism in Germany Council Governance and Comitology in the EU Imitations and Variations 10. Constitutional Amendment Amendment Procedures Constitutional Permanence in the United States Canada: Patriation Games Constitutional Flexibility in Germany The EU: Maintaining Confederal Consent Imitations and Variations Extreme Constitutional Amendment: Secession 11. Judicial Review The Role of the Judiciary in a Federal System The Process of Judicial Review The United States: Invention and Limits of Judicial Review Canada: From Imperial to Home-Grown Judicial Review Germany: Pragmatic Legalism The EU: Judicial Creation of Supranationality Imitations, Variations, and Exceptions 12. The Limits of Federalism The Nature of Federalism: A Reprise Limits of Capacity and Will to Federate Federalism, Democracy, and Capitalism References Index