China's Just World

Looking at China's foreign policy, this book focuses on the Confucian-based need of Chinese leaders to present themselves as the supreme moral rectifiers of the world order. Shih outlines the diplomatic principles cherished by the Chinese - socialism, antihegemonism, peaceful coexistence, statism, and isolationism - and explores how each has been applied in the past 40 years. He argues, for example, that China's policy toward the Soviet Union was aimed primarily at shaming the Soviets for their betrayal of socialism; its US policy demonstrates China's anti-imperialist integrity; its Japan policy blames the Japanese for a failed Asiatic brotherhood; and its Third World policy is intended to be a model for emulation. The application of these principles has enabled Beijing always to find a moral niche in world affairs; the seeming contradiction among the principles has been ignored, because the need to clarify China's moral role outweighs other national interests. This study of China's foreign affairs also challenges the realist calculation of national interests, one couched purely in terms of military balance or economic development.