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The euphoria and promise that accompanied the Arab Spring has been replaced with a business-as-usual tone in the MENA. Revolutionary shifts in political and religious power have been tempered and, in some cases, reversed. Observers should not be surprised at these outcomes, but skeptics would be advised to remain attentive to regional factors that continue to present potentials for reform. This volume examines a variety of such factors as mediators of MENA political reform, including: Islam, political party and government relations, regime type, elite influence, and Internet access. By providing both a broad review of the relevant literatures and a flexible assessment of the region’s political prospects in the post-Spring period, the volume leverages insights from a series of regional experts and political analysts to offer a useful contribution to the continuing work of reform by MENA scholars, policymakers, and the general public.
Brian Robert Calfano is associate professor of political science at Missouri State University.
Chapter One: Introduction. Brian Calfano and Marcus MarktannerChapter Two: The Arab Popular Uprisings. Brian Calfano and Emile SahliyehChapter Three: Islam and Interpretive Ingenuities. Brian Calfano and Lynne Alisé LofftusChapter Four: Parties as Political Forces in the Maghreb. Abdelhak AzzouziChapter Five: How Green is the Spring? Comparing the Iranian and the Arab Pro-democracy Movements. Mahmoud Sadri and Nader HashemiChapter Six. Oil and Economic Liberalism in the MENA. Mehmet GursesChapter Seven. Does Regime Type Make a Difference for MENA Reform? Todd Spinks, Brian Calfano, and Emile Sahliyeh Chapter Eight. Elite-Led Consideration of the Role of Women in MENA Politics: Some Initial Experimental Findings. Brian Calfano, Marcus Marktanner, and Christina MichelmoreChapter Nine. Transmitting Reform? The Media’s Effect on MENA Democracy and Human Rights. Brian Calfano and Emile SahliyehChapter Ten. MENA and the Internet: Technology and the Democratic Divide. Jason Gainous and Kevin WagnerChapter Eleven. Concluding Observations and Recommendations. Brian Calfano
Calfano and colleagues. . . .provide nuanced explanations. The reader learns, for example, that power-sharing relationships between political parties and governments—such as in the Maghreb states of Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco—are crucial in deciding the capacity for reform in the post uprising era.